Talmud for Rosh Hashanah 46:13
<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> היינו לפני החמה היינו לצפונה היינו לאחר החמה היינו לדרומה אמר אביי פגימתה לפני החמה או לאחר החמה אם אמר לפני החמה לא אמר כלום
IF HE SAYS [HE SAW IT] IN FRONT OF THE SUN, HIS EVIDENCE IS REJECTED.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'he has not said anything'.');"><sup>23</sup></span> AFTER THAT THEY WOULD BRING IN THE SECOND AND TEST HIM. IF THEIR ACCOUNTS TALLIED, THEIR EVIDENCE WAS ACCEPTED, AND THE OTHER PAIRS WERE ONLY QUESTIONED BRIEFLY,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'with heads of subjects'.');"><sup>24</sup></span>
Jerusalem Talmud Rosh Hashanah
HALAKHAH: Rebbi Joḥanan said, even the most error-prone person would not err in this matter, before the sun, after the sun75Whether the moon was seen closer to the earth than the sun or farther away.? It only is needed for its concavity; the concavity towards the sun, or the concavity away from the sun74As explained in the Halakhah, this refers to the concavity of the visible moon, which must point away from the sun.? Bar Qappara stated both: Before the sun or behind the sun, the concavity towards the sun or the concavity away from the sun? Rebbi Joḥanan said, it is written76Job 25:2. Babli 23b. Deut. rabba 5(12).: Rule and fear are with Him, Who makes peace in His heights. During the existence of the sun it never saw the defect of the moon.
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